Instead of flowing through the meander, the river cuts through the neck of land that separates the adjacent bends. The River Abandons the Meander and Follows the New Shortcut That Was the Neck of the LandĪs the neck of land becomes narrower and erosion progresses, the river reaches a point where it takes the path of least resistance. This deposition contributes to the buildup of sediment, gradually closing off the bend from the main channel. As the river encounters a bend, sediment is often deposited on the inside of the bend due to decreased flow velocity. This increased velocity leads to greater erosion and sediment transport. Deposition of the Meander Side Especially During Floods Blocks Off the Meanderĭuring periods of higher water flow, such as floods, the river’s velocity increases significantly. The erosional forces work to undermine and wear away this neck of land, making it weaker and more susceptible to breaching. Over time, the continuous process of erosion and migration of meanders causes the neck of land between two bends to become increasingly narrow. As a result, the neck of land between two adjacent meander bends becomes narrower. The river erodes the outer bank of the bend, causing the bend to migrate downstream. With each meander bend, the process of lateral erosion continues. Lateral Erosion Leads to the Reduction of the Neck of Land Between Adjacent Bends This deposition builds up over time, creating a point bar on the inner bank. On the inner bank, where the current is slower, sediment deposition takes place. Faster current occurs on the outer side of the bend, leading to increased erosion due to the scouring action of the water. Lateral Erosion Occurs on the Outer Side of the Bend While Deposition Takes Place on the Inner BankĪs the river meanders, it experiences varying flow velocities across its width. This process often occurs when a river’s energy decreases, allowing it to flow more slowly and meander across the relatively flat landscape. Meanders are winding curves that the river takes as it navigates the floodplain. When a river flows across a relatively flat floodplain, it gradually develops a meandering pattern. The following are steps on how the ox-bow lake is formed: A River Starts to Meander on a Flood Plain Here’s how the formation of an oxbow lake typically occurs: An oxbow lake is created when a meander becomes cut off from the main channel, resulting in a U-shaped body of water that is separate from the main river. Meandering refers to the winding and curving path that a river takes as it flows through its floodplain.
GEOLOGY ABANDONED MEANDER PDF
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